Laminitis
The first line of treatment is to determine
the cause of the laminitis and correct this condition if possible.
Initial treatment may vary depending on the cause of the laminitis
but may include intravenous fluid therapy, systemic antimicrobials,
intravenous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), anti-inflammatory drugs, and
administration of mineral oil with a nasogastric tube.
Another
goal of the therapy for laminitis is to decrease the inflammation
within the foot and the accompanying pain being experienced by the
horse. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are most often
used for this purpose. These include phenylbutazone, flunixin meglumine
and ketoprofen. Intravenous DMSO also has anti-inflammatory properties.
A
major objective in the therapeutic plan is to improve blood flow
to the laminae of the affected feet. Various drugs have been used
in an attempt to accomplish this purpose. These include acetylpromazine,
phenoxybenzamine, isoxsuprine, pentoxifylline, aspirin and heparin.
Varying degrees of success have been experienced for each of these
drugs.
More
recently topical nitroglycerin and intravenous L-arginine have been
used to promote vasodilation and thus blood flow to the feet of
affected horses. At this point, not enough horses have been treated
with these newer agents to draw any firm conclusions regarding their
efficacy in laminitis cases resulting from the different causes.
However, some encouraging results have been achieved in horses with
grass-induced acute laminitis. Although there are no controlled
studies available to date that have evaluated these treatments in
horses with naturally acquired laminitis, numerous testimonials
suggest a beneficial effect.
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